Reactive Oxygen Species Essay -- Biology, Lipids, Proteins, DNA

The formation of reactive type O species (ROS) is an unavoidable consequence in aerobic organisms as by products during metabolous respiration (Han et al., 2007, Je et al., 2009). These postgraduately reactive ROS can be considered as affectionate oxidants and flummox been shown to induce damage in all cellular macromolecules, much(prenominal) as lipids, proteins and DNA. Over the years dietary polyphenols build been widely analyze for their biological activities including antioxidant activity (Ahn et al., 2007, Heo et al., 2009, Kang et al., 2005, Li et al., 2009). Polyphenolic compounds are naturally occurring compounds containing phenolic practicableity and this giant diverse group of secondary metabolites are exist both in terrestrial and aquatic environments (Shibata et al., 2002, Susanto et al., 2009). Beside the steadfast antioxidant properties, these naturally occurring polyphenols are known to devote numerous biological activities such as anti inflammatory (Ryu et al., 2008), anti allergic (Lee et al., 2009), anti bacterial (Al-Mola, 2009, Suffredini et al., 2004), anti-plasmin inhibitiory (Fukuyama et al., 1990), matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory (Kim et al., 2006) and anticancer (Kong et al., 2009). The elevated antioxidant power of polyphenols is generally believed to responsible for these activities. Therefore it is very clear that the conjecture of use this active compounds in many industrial applications as operative ingredients. Phlorotannins (brown algal polyphenols) are polyphenolic compounds found exclusively in brown seaweeds. Phlorotannins, a subgroup of tannins, are produced entirely by polymerization of phloroglucinol units (Kang et al., 2007, Koivikko et al., 2005). During last two decades, the roles and functions of phlorotannins dedicate been ... ... available proteases and carbohydrases. Further they reported that Alcalase and Viscozyme extractes were more effective than the other extracts tested. With these solid r esults it is clear that EAE affords big advantage over commonly used untainted extraction proficiency. Taken together, enzyme treatment previous to extraction has resulted in modify yields in the case of bioactive components from seaweeds. In all instances mentioned above, hydrolytic enzymes have been used in different combinations as agents that interact on cell walls, breaking have the structural integrity rendering the intracellular materials more exposed for response extraction. Since EAE has attracted growing interest in the extraction of biologically active components, the proficiency could be explored as a mean to enhance the extraction of crabbed metabolites from seaweeds. Reactive Oxygen Species Essay -- Biology, Lipids, Proteins, DNAThe formation of reactive group O species (ROS) is an unavoidable consequence in aerobic organisms as by products during metabolic respiration (Han et al., 2007, Je et al., 2009). These highly reactive ROS can be consider ed as strong oxidants and have been shown to induce damage in all cellular macromolecules, such as lipids, proteins and DNA. Over the years dietary polyphenols have been widely canvas for their biological activities including antioxidant activity (Ahn et al., 2007, Heo et al., 2009, Kang et al., 2005, Li et al., 2009). Polyphenolic compounds are naturally occurring compounds containing phenolic functionality and this swelled diverse group of secondary metabolites are exist both in terrestrial and aquatic environments (Shibata et al., 2002, Susanto et al., 2009). Beside the strong antioxidant properties, these naturally occurring polyphenols are known to have numerous biological activities such as anti inflammatory (Ryu et al., 2008), anti allergic (Lee et al., 2009), anti bacterial (Al-Mola, 2009, Suffredini et al., 2004), anti-plasmin inhibitiory (Fukuyama et al., 1990), matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory (Kim et al., 2006) and anticancer (Kong et al., 2009). The high antioxidan t power of polyphenols is generally believed to responsible for these activities. Therefore it is very clear that the possibility of use this active compounds in many industrial applications as functional ingredients. Phlorotannins (brown algal polyphenols) are polyphenolic compounds found exclusively in brown seaweeds. Phlorotannins, a subgroup of tannins, are produced entirely by polymerization of phloroglucinol units (Kang et al., 2007, Koivikko et al., 2005). During last two decades, the roles and functions of phlorotannins have been ... ... available proteases and carbohydrases. Further they reported that Alcalase and Viscozyme extractes were more effective than the other extracts tested. With these monumental results it is clear that EAE affords big advantage over commonly used virtuous extraction technique. Taken together, enzyme treatment previous to extraction has resulted in ameliorate yields in the case of bioactive components from seaweeds. In all instances mentioned above, hydrolytic enzymes have been used in different combinations as agents that interact on cell walls, breaking dismantle the structural integrity rendering the intracellular materials more exposed for solving extraction. Since EAE has attracted growing interest in the extraction of biologically active components, the technique could be explored as a mean to enhance the extraction of picky metabolites from seaweeds.