Understanding The Term Data Processing Information Technology Essay

Understanding The Term Data Processing Information applied science EssayData treat is any computer process that converts information into information or knowledge. The treat is usually assumed to be automated and racecourse on a computer. Because data ar most useful when well-presented and actually informative, data-processing systems are often referred to as information systems to emphasize their practicality. Nevertheless, both terms are roughly synonymous, performing similar conversions data-processing systems typically manipu tardily raw data into information.Information Information is data that has been processed for use.Relationship between data processing and information in a computer systemWhen information is entered into and stick ind in a computer, it is generally referred to as data. After processing (such as formatting and printing), output data can again be perceived as information. Data processing is the actual process of converting the information into data an d vice versa in a computer system.2 Distinguish between data and informationdata is what is entered into and stored in a computer after the data has been processed it is called information.3 wherefore are digital computer useful in data processingA digital computer is the main mechanism used for transforming data in data processing.4. Describe in detail the physical security, the social environment under which the computer performs best.Computer perform best in a dispassionate and clean environment as dirt and heat affect the performance of a computer systemSECTION B (COMPUTER PROGRAM)I. Distinguish between scummy level words and high level language.The main difference of high-level languages and low-level languages is that high-level languages are easier to read, write, and maintain. Ultimately, classs written in a high-level language must be translated into machine language by a compiler or interpreter.II. Explain the acronymsCOBOL Acronym for common business oriented language . Developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s,. It is particularly popular for business applications that run on large-mouthed computers. COBOL is still the most widely used programming language in the world.FORTRAN Acronym for formula translator,. Designed by John Backus for IBM in the late 1950s, it is still popular today, particularly for scientific applications that require extensive mathematical computations.BASIC Acronym for Beginners general-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. BASIC is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the earliest and simplest high-level programming languages.Despite its simplicity, BASIC is used for a wide variety of business applications. thither is an ANSI standard for the BASIC language, but most versions of BASIC include many proprietary extensions. Microsofts popular Visual Basic, for example, adds many target area-oriented features to the standard BASIC.ALGOL ALGOL (short for ALGOrithmic Language)1 the de facto way algorithms were draw in text-boo ks and academic works for almost the next 30 years.These languages are best suited for text based data processing.III Mention and let off three special purpose high level language.1 Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, general purpose object-oriented programming language.Ruby supports multiple programming paradigms (including functional, object oriented and imperative), and features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management.2 Perl is a dynamic programming language created by Larry Wall and offset printing released in 1987. Perl borrows features from a variety of other languages including C, shell scripting (sh), AWK, sed and Lisp.1 Perl was widely adopted for its strengths in text processing and lack of the ar billetrary limitations of many scripting languages at the time.23 Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes programmer productivity and code readability.2 Pythons core syntax and semantics are minimalist, while the standard library is large and comprehensive.Python supports multiple programming paradigms (primarily functional, object oriented and imperative), and features a fully dynamic type system and automatic memory management it is thus similar to Perl, Ruby, Scheme, and Tcl.IV. What is a language processor and why are they necessaryA hardware device designed or used to perform tasks, such as processing program code to machine code. Language processors are found in languages such as Fortran and COBOL . They are necessary because they are used to convert your program code to machine codeV. what is the difference between a compiler and interpreter?Compiler willtranslate the sourcecode written in some kind of programming language, and then ultimately translates it into object code or machine language whileThe interpreter translates instructions one at a time, and then executes those instructions immediately. The compiler is itself a computer program written usually in some implementation lan guage.SECTION C(DBM)Define the pursuit1. FieldA field of honor is a space allocated for a particular item of information. A tax form, for example, contains a number of fields one for your name, one for your Social Security number, one for your income, and so on. In database systems, fields are the smallest units of information you can access. In spreadsheets, fields are called cells.Most fields pee certain attributes associated with them. For example, some fields are numeric whereas others are textual, some are long, while others are short. In addition, every field has a name, called the field name.2. RecordRecords are composed of fields, each of which contains one item of information. A set of records constitutes a file. For example, a personnel file might contain records that drop three fields a name field, an address field, and a phone number field.Some programming languages allow you to define a special data structure called a record. Generally, a record is a combination of other data objects. For example, a record might contain three integers, a floating-point number, and a acknowledgment string.3. FileA file is a collection of data or information that has a name, called the filename. Almost all information stored in a computer must be in a file. There are many different types of files data files, text files , program files, directory files, and so on. Different types of files store different types of information. For example, program files store programs, whereas text files store text.4. BitShort for binary digit, it is the smallest unit of information on a machine. A single bit can hold only one of two values 0 or 1. More meaningful information is obtained by combining consecutive bits into large units. For example, a byte is composed of 8 consecutive bits.5.CharacterA character is any symbol that requires one byte of storage. This includes all the ASCII and extended ASCII characters, including the space character the term character is generally r eserved for letters, numbers, and punctuation.(ii)Identify three file organisation method known to you and state their merit and demerit.